l Authorship

Authors are sorted according to their contributions, and their names are separated by "," . Authors included those who participated in the selection and design of the academic content of the manuscript or the analysis and interpretation of the information; those who drafted or revised key theories or other major contents of the manuscript; those who are able to make amendments according to the comments from the reviewers and editors or to attend to the defense of the content in the academic community, and finally agree to the publication. Others with involvement in the study but not included as authors may be acknowledged.

The affiliations of the authors should be indicated. If the author belongs to different affiliations, the Arabic numeral should be superscripted after the author's name to indicate the corresponding affiliations. The locations of the affiliations (including province, city and postcode) should be provided. In addition, the degree, professional title, research direction, and E-mail of the first author and the corresponding author should be indicated. If there is no special indication in the submission, the first author will be regarded as the corresponding author.

l Abstract

The writing of abstract follows GB/T 6447-1986 "Rules for Abstracts and Abstracting". It requests well-structured, concise expression, and precise semantics. The abstract should summarize the content of the submission under the subheadings of Objective, Methods, Results and Conclusion. Requirements: (1) Objective: be consistent with the text and correspond to the conclusion. (2) Methods: stating the main methods used in the study, the number of cases (animals) and the necessary groupings. (3) Results: listing the main results and data related to the conclusions, and indicating the statistical significance. (4) Conclusion: correspond to the purpose of the study. Non-basic or clinical research papers, such as reviews, may not use a structured abstract.

The abstract should be written in the third person; use standardized terminology; no illustrations or tables; exclude background knowledge; do not simply repeat information already in the title. References, mathematical formulas or chemical structure formulas should be avoided. Abbreviations must be stated in parentheses when they first appear.

The title, authors, affiliations, provinces, cities, postcodes, abstract and keywords in English should correspond with those in Chinese. The names of Chinese authors should be in Pinyin, e.g. ZHANG Ying, WANG Xinglian; and the names of foreign authors are written by international practice. The names of authors are separated by ",".

l Keywords

Three to eight words or phrases that best reflect the theme and content of the manuscript should be provided. Terms from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) in the latest edition of Index Medicus edited by the National Library of Medicine and the normative words listed in the Chinese Subject Headings should be taken. If there is no corresponding word, several directly related subject words can be chosen for the grouping; the most direct superordinate subject words can be chosen according to the tree structure table; if necessary, the customary free words can be used and arranged at the end. The abbreviations in the keywords should be reduced to their full names, e.g. "IMRT" should be cited as "intensity modulated radiation therapy". The keywords are separated by ";".

l Classification number

Provide the Chinese classification number from the Chinese Library Classification.

l Founding

If the study was funded by national, departmental or provincial projects or research projects, please indicate the official name and the number of the founding project. Multiple funds should be listed separately and separated by ";".

l Introduction

The introduction should briefly introduce the background and purpose of the study as well as the previous work and research overview in the related field, and illustrate the relationship between the study and the previous work, the current research hotspots, the existing problems, and the significance of the study. Requirements: (1) Get to the point and avoid a large description of the historical origins. (2) Highlight the key points, not too much of common knowledge that is known by peers or in textbooks, and when it is necessary to mention the research results and basic principles of others, please cite the references. When suggesting the work and views of the study, the expression should be clear and concise. (3) The content of the introduction should not be the same as the abstract, nor is it a commentary on the abstract. (4) Illustrations, lists, and mathematical formulas should be avoided.

l Methods

The section should describe how the study was designed, carried out and data are analyzed. For standard methods, appropriate references are sufficient, but if standard methods are modified, these should be clearly brought out. In addition, authors should provide complete details of any new methods or apparatus used.

l Results

The section should include only relevant, representative data and not all information collected during the study. Major findings should be presented clearly and concisely. Text, tables, and illustrations should be used sensibly while avoiding repeating. All the data depicted in the tables or illustrations should emphasize or summarize only important observations.

l Discussion or conclusion

Discussion or conclusion should include a summary of the major findings, their relationship to other similar studies, limitations of methods and implication of these findings in future research. The conclusion should completely, accurately, and concisely point out the following: (1) the principles and their generality revealed by the results of the investigations or experiments conducted on the research object; (2) any exceptions found in the research or problems that are still difficult to explain and solve; (3) the similarities and differences with previous researches; (4) the theoretical and practical significance; (5) suggestions for further research.

l References

References should be accordance with GB/T7714-2015 "Information and Documentation--Rule for Bibliographic References and Citations to Information Resources", sort in the order of their appearance in the text with consecutive Arabic numerals. Requirements : (1) have more than 25 references, and try to cite the literatures published in authoritative journals in recent years. (2) The names of authors should be provided if there are not more than three, and only the first three if there are more than three, followed by ", et al." . (3) Family names come before given names, with family name in full and given name in initials. (4) Each item (e.g. author, title, journal title, etc.) is punctuated with a space after the punctuation marks (solid period, comma, or semicolon). (5) Chinese references (including journals and books, etc.) should be recorded in both English and Chinese. (6) Provide the full name of Chinese journal title and the abbreviations of foreign journal title which is given by PubMed of the National Medical Library.

Reference format:

[1] Journal: Author. Title [J]. Journal, year, vol (issue): start page-end page.

[2] Proceedings: Authors. Title [C]//The title of the proceedings. Location: publisher, year: start page - end page.

[3]Book: Authors. Title [M]. Edition (the first edition can be omitted). Location: publisher, year: start page - end page.

[4] Dissertation: Authors. Title [D].Location: Depository, Year.

[5] Electronic documents: Authors. Title [EB/OL]. [Date of publication or update/date of citation] Source or available address of the electronic document.

[6] Patents: Patent applicant or owner. Title: Patent country, patent number [type symbol]. Date of announcement or date of disclosure [date of citation]. Access and access path.

l Figures and tables

They should be accordance with CY/T 171-2019 "Specification of Academic Publishing--Illustration" and CY/T 170-2019 "Specification of Academic Publishing--Table". Figures and tables which follows the text (text first and then diagrams) should be reasonable, clear and concise, with "self-explanatory". Each figure or table needs a full concise heading, and the group figure should provide the corresponding heading or note. Please avoid the repetition of information among text, figures and tables.

Figures must be clear and meet printing demands. The type of figure should match the nature of the data. (1) In micrographs, the staining method and magnification must be indicated. (2) The part to be displayed in the tissue section should be selected and placed in the center of the picture or marked with an arrow. (3) For identifiable patient photographs, the author should be responsible for obtaining the patient's consent and for technical processing to make them as indistinguishable as possible. (4) The bar graphs or graphs of data transformation should have the names of horizontal and vertical coordinates, and use the standardized form of "quantities/unit " (e.g. t/s), and the scale values on the numerical axes should be marked by mathematical principles. (5) The figure notes are placed below the figure title.

Three-line tables should be used. The data must be accurate and drawn by statistical requirements. The table generally uses Arabic numerals, and the number of valid digits must be the same, e.g. 2.34±0.68.

l Quantities and units

They should be in accordance with GB 3100-1993 "The International System of Units and its application", GB/T 3101-1993 "Quantities and Units--General principles", GB/T 3102.1-3102.13-1993 "Quantities and units".

The quantities are expressed in italic Latin or Greek letters (orthographic for pH), and they are case sensitive. Vectors and tensors should be in black italics. To indicate different qualifying conditions, the subscripts can be used. For example, the quantity concentration of substance B can be symbolized by C_B. Note that the quantity symbols cannot be used as pure numbers, and that the chemical symbols cannot be used as quantity symbols. Regardless of the amount of concentration or mass concentration, L (liter) is generally used as the denominator of the benchmark unit of concentration of components in human test.

The combination of units should be in written in standard, e.g. "mg/ ( kg?d ) " can not be written as " mg/kg/d " or "mg/kg?d^-1". The unit of length of each value after the unit can not be omitted, e.g. 40 mm × 20 mm × 30 mm can not be written as 40 × 20 × 30 mm or 40 × 20 × 30 mm³.

l Numbers

Wherever Arabic numerals can be used, they should be used. Numerical modification should depend on the specific situation, and can not simply use the "rounding" rule. Please note that 3×10⁹ to 5×10⁹ can not be written as 3-5×10⁹; 60% to 70% can not be written as 60-70%.

l Mathematical symbols and mathematical formulae

The quantities, functions, points, line segments, and arcs are expressed in italics. Parameters considered as constants in specific situations are also indicated by italic letters. The functions with special definitions and invariant mathematical constants are expressed in block letters; operators with special definitions are also expressed in block letters. In addition, Matrix symbols are expressed in capitalized black italics, while matrix elements in white italic letters.

Must use the mathematical formula tool of Microsoft Word or other word formula editors (such as MathType), etc. to edit the formulas. The formula in picture format is not allowed.

l Statistics

Statistical symbols should be accordance with GB/T 3358.1~3358.3-2009 "Statistics-Vocabulary and Symbols ", and they should be used in italics. The specific statistical analysis methods, the specific value of the statistic (such as t-value) and P-value should be provided.

l Medical terminology

In case of any disputes, “Medical Terms” published by the National Natural Science Terminology Verification Committee of the Science Press and the English-Chinese Medical Vocabulary complied by the People's Health Publishing House shall prevail. The Chinese drug names should follow the latest version of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. In addition, the international generic names of the foreign drugs should be adopted. The use of trade names is not allowed.

l Abbreviations

Except for abbreviations that have been recognized as commonly used and can be quoted directly without explanation, the full term in Chinese and English for which an abbreviation stands should precede its first use in the text.

3. Contact us

Address: School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Tonghe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China