Abstract: Earlier detection, diagnosis and treatment are of great importance for the prognosis of patients with prostate cancers. Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) can distinguish the diffusion of water molecules in tissue and microcirculation perfusion, and reflect the pathophysiological changes of tissue more accurately. IVIM has great potential as a tool in the treatment of cancer patients, achieving earlier detection, diagnosis, staging of cancer, therapeutic effect monitoring and prognosis evaluation. The principles of IVIM and its application and advances in prostate diseases are mainly summarized in this review.