Abstract

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Title:: Advances in the methods for localization of small pulmonary nodules in thoracoscopic surgery

Author(s):: HAN Xin1; ZHANG Peigang2; 1. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Fenyang Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang 032200, China 2. Office of the President, the Peoples Hospital of Lüliang, Lishi 033000, China

Keywords:: Keywords: small pulmonary nodule video-assisted thoracoscopy localization method review

Abstract:: With the widespread use of high-resolution, low-radiation-dose computed tomography (CT) scans, especially with the increase in the number of people participating in lung cancer screening programs or health checkups, small lung nodules are increasingly being detected. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is currently preferred treatment and diagnosis choice for those with a high suspicion of malignant nodules. However, during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, it is difficult for the operator to touch and localize the pulmonary nodules with his/her fingers, so the use of pulmonary nodule localization techniques is needed to assist the operator to accurately locate and resect the pulmonary nodules. According to the order of localization and surgery, it can be divided into preoperative localization and intraoperative localization, the former mainly includes CT-guided percutaneous puncture-assisted localization, CT-guided liquid material localization, and virtual bronchoscopic navigation localization while the latter includes electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy-guided localization, intraoperative ultrasound localization, and localization using radiofrequency identification system. The review elaborates on the above-mentioned localization techniques and the research advances in lung nodule localization.